[Article] 體型越小在演化上會失去顯眼性：以草莓箭毒蛙 (Oophaga pumilio)為例
原文標題：Loss of conspicuous coloration has co-evolved with decreased body size in populations of poison dart frogs
摘要 [原文網址]
Larger signal size is known to facilitate the learning process of predators to warning signals. Further, smaller objects are generally harder to detect than large, which suggests that smaller sized prey are less likely to benefit from an aposematic strategy compared to crypsis. However, whether body size changes in concert with shifts between crypsis and aposematism in natural populations, remains largely unexplored. I tested whether body size was larger in visually conspicuous population than in cryptic populations among recently diverged populations of the Strawberry Poison frog, Oophaga pumilio. By analysing spectral reflectance and body size data from individuals from 18 discrete populations I found a larger mean body size in conspicuous populations, which was confirmed by an analysis of a subset of 12 populations accounting for phylogenetic history. This shows that the loss of conspicuous colour likely co-evolved repeatedly with a decrease in body size. Thus, selection on body size may influence evolutionary shifts between aposematism and crypsis and vice versa.
越大的體型，通常越顯眼，越容易被發現，如果搭配顯眼的顏色的話效果會更好，而越小的體型即使是顯眼的顏色，效果或許也不會這麼好。
本篇作者利用這個概念，測量不同族群的草莓箭毒蛙的體型與利用光譜儀測試體表的光反射，得到箭毒蛙的體型與警戒色是有關聯的。越小的體型體色會較不顯眼，而較大的體型顯眼性較高。
0 comments